Laminar and turbulent flow are two types normally encountered in liquid flow measurement operations. It is defined as the ratio of the liquid's inertial forces to its drag forces.ĭ x Where R = Reynolds number Q = liquid's flow rate, gpm Gt = liquid's specific gravity D = inside pipe diameter The performance of flow meters is also influenced by a dimensionless unit called the Reynolds Number. The total flow is an accumulation of the measured increments, which can be counted by mechanical or electronic techniques. These units divide the liquid into specific increments and move it on. Direct measurements of liquid flows can be made with positive-displacement flow meters. Other factors that affect liquid flow rate include the liquid's viscosity and density, and the friction of the liquid in contact with the pipe.
Q = liquid flow through the pipe V = average velocity of the flow Theīasic relationship for determining the liquid's flow rate in such cases is: Because the pipe's cross-sectional area is known and remains constant, the average velocity is an indication of the flow rate. Velocity depends on the pressure differential that is forcing the liquid through a pipe or conduit. With most liquid flow measurement instruments, the flow rate is determined inferentially by measuring the liquid's velocity or the change in kinetic energy. This technique is particularly attractive when the process is nonlinear. Fuzzy logic control (FLC) can be applied for control of liquid flow and level in such processes. The control action of chemical and petroleum industries include maintaining the controlled variables. Ĭontrol of liquid flow system is a routine requirement in many industrial processes. Fuzzification, defuzzification strategies and fuzzy control rules are used in fuzzy reasoning mechanism. Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based on fuzzy logic provides a means of converting a linguistic control strategy based on expert knowledge into an automatic control strategy. Fuzzy control is based on fuzzy logic, a logical system which is much closer to human thinking and natural language than traditional logical systems. Key Words: Flow control, Conventional control, Fuzzy logic control.įuzzy control has emerged one of the most active and fruitful areas of research especially in industrial processes which do not rely upon the conventional methods because of lack of quantitative data regarding the input and Fuzzy Logic controller has better stability, small overshoot, and fast response. The fuzzy logic controller (FLC) based on fuzzy logic provides a means of converting a linguistic control strategy based on expert knowledge into an automatic control strategy. During the past several years, fuzzy control has emerged as one of the most active and fruitful areas for research in the applications of fuzzy set theory, especially in the realm of industrial processes, which do not lend themselves to control by conventional methods because of a lack of quantitative data regarding the input- output relations.
*Student, **Assistant professor University College of engineering, Punjabi university, Patiala, IndiaĪbstract: Fuzzy control is based on fuzzy logic-a logical system that is much closer in spirit to human thinking and natural language than traditional logical systems. Conventional PID controller and Fuzzy logic controller for Liquid flow control: Performance Analysis Using MATLAB/Simulink
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